Filtration is the process of separating solids from a suspension by means of a porous mechanical medium. The mechanical means that can be used for the separation of solids is also called a sieve, sieve, sieve or filter..
If we make a suspension in a liquid medium, and use a porous medium to filter it, we will be able to separate the smaller solids that will pass through the porous medium, and the larger solids that will be retained by the porous medium..
Filtration has been used domestically over the years. But the theory of filtration is also used for the interpretation of results at the laboratory scale..
The greatest limitation that it encounters is that the interaction of the particles can vary depending on the characteristics of the solid particles and the fluid..
The variables that influence the filtration process are pressure, filter cake, viscosity and temperature, particle size and concentration, and filter medium.
Depending on the size and nature of the mixture, we can speak of different forms of filtering. On the one hand, the filtering itself, which separates the tiny solid particles in a colloidal suspension..
On the other hand, the casting, which separates the large and visible particles with a strainer. And sieving, which separates particles of different sizes without the need for a liquid medium.
They can be used in closed rooms but also in mechanical applications such as car engines.
These filters serve to separate and stop the solid particles that are in the air preventing their entry.
Like the previous example, these filters serve to separate the particles that float in the water and purify the water.
These water filters from colonial times used to purify water through a porous stone. This stone served as a barrier to particles floating in the water.
In some combustion engines, particles are produced that are harmful to the engine, so a filter is installed that retains them, keeping the engine oil clean and thus prolonging its useful life..
This type of paper is used mainly in laboratory processes to separate solutions. This paper retains the smallest particles but allows water to pass.
The coffee-making process is an example of filtering. The ground coffee is put on a strainer, usually made of cloth or paper, and the boiling water is poured over it..
In this way, the water dilutes and transports the flavor and properties of the coffee, separating it from the solid particles..
In the production of many fruit juices, the pulp is liquefied or squeezed, and sometimes it is strained to separate the liquid from solid pieces..
The infusions are prepared by infusing the herbs in boiling water. They can be done in two ways, adding the herbs to boiling water and then straining them, or using a filter paper bag that retains the herbs and allows the water to pass through, taking out its properties and flavor..
In cooking, the filtering technique is widely used for some dishes such as pasta and rice. These ingredients are cooked in water and then strained to remove excess liquid.
In confectionery, the flour and icing sugar are sifted in such a way as to separate the ingredient particles and using only the smallest particles that pass through the sieve, thus preventing lumps from coming out in the final preparations..
Wine and alcoholic beverages obtained through fruits need to undergo a filtering process to eliminate the solid substances from the final preparation, before allowing them to ferment to obtain the alcoholization process..
In the streets we can see how some sewers have a piece that filters solid waste and separates it from rainwater so that it does not enter the sewers.
In this way, there are only small particles in the sewers that can be easily carried without risk of clogging them..
They are being used more and more, these grids prevent solid waste from entering the pipes and pipes of our house, not only to avoid possible jams, but also to avoid bad odors that are produced from the state of decomposition of organic waste.
There are processes to clean wastewater by filtering solid particles found in the water.
This filtration process means that the water can be reused and not so much seawater is polluted.
The filter of cigarettes is an important part of them, since it retains the most toxic and harmful substances, preventing them from entering our system.
In construction, the sieving process of some materials such as cement is followed to create the mortar.
This makes the cement powders well decomposed and can be mixed homogeneously with the water..
If not, it may happen that there are non-homogeneous balls of cement that weaken the structure that is being built.
The kidneys, liver, and lungs function as the filters of the human body. They separate and filter the materials that will go to waste.
If the kidneys do not produce the filtering as they should, many times it is necessary to use dialysis machines that perform the filtering process as if they were the kidneys themselves.
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