The Homogeneous mixtures They have distinctive characteristics, highlighting that they consist of a single phase, their composition is identical, they look uniform to the naked eye, they cannot be filtered and most are transparent.
A mixture consists of the union of two or more chemical substances that retain their chemical identities. In the case of homogeneous mixtures, the different substances that compose it cannot be detected either with the naked eye, or with any other optical magnitude. Its components, then, are in the same phase and do not present different properties in different portions..
This type of mixture is often called a solution. An example of a solution is mixing water with salt. Regardless of the amount that is used of either of these two elements, each portion of this mixture will have water and salt in the same proportion.
Matter exists in a liquid, solid or gaseous state, regardless of the type of molecule that forms it. This property is known as the phase of matter.
A homogeneous mixture will consist of a single phase. Thus, liquid-liquid, solid-solid and gas-gas combinations can be given. But you can also mix gas-liquid and solid-liquid, resulting both in liquid.
Now, all gas-gas mixtures are homogeneous. This happens because the gas molecules are widely separated from each other, leaving large empty spaces..
On the other hand, to obtain a homogeneous mixture of two solids, they have to go through a fusion process. Once the components have melted, they are mixed and allowed to solidify. This is what happens with alloys.
Liquids: water and alcohol
Solids: copper and tin (bronze)
Gases: oxygen and nitrogen (air)
Gas-liquid: water vapor
Solid-liquid: coffee (liquid) and sugar
The distribution of the particles in homogeneous mixtures is uniform; that is, each portion has the same composition and properties.
An example of this is natural gas. Each portion of this gas contains methane, ethane, propane, butane, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, hydrogen, and helium..
Therefore, in each sample taken of this gas, it will be verified that it has exactly the same proportion of each of its components.
The same thing happens with sugar water. Each time a sample of a certain blend is tasted, it will have the same level of sweetness..
With the naked eye, the components of homogeneous mixtures cannot be distinguished and do not show discontinuities. If you observe a coffee with milk and sugar, for example, it is not possible to differentiate which part is coffee, sugar or milk.
This does not happen with heterogeneous mixtures, as in the case of the combination of salt and pepper or sugar and sand, where the two elements are clearly noticeable.
Because of this, it is sometimes impossible to tell just by looking at whether it is a solvent or a solution. For example, a glass of pure water looks the same as a glass of salted water..
Although the mixtures can be separated using different physical or mechanical processes, the filtrate will not achieve purification if they are homogeneous..
In this way, if vinegar was passed through a filter, its two components would not be separated: water and acetic acid..
With the exception of solid homogeneous mixtures, all are transparent; these is, you can look through them. Even if they have color, they retain this property.
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