The research method sketch It is the way in which the objectives of an investigation are proposed. Writing ideas allows you to create a working draft; Ideally, the researcher's sketch should be as complete as possible, so that it is easier to develop the investigative process.
The researcher usually starts from a general idea when analyzing a topic of interest, but without being clear about the key points to be investigated. At this stage it is very important for the researcher to write their reflections, to record the advances that arise on the subject, to achieve a concrete outline.
The development of a project goes through several stages. The research is not written in a single moment, but requires several approaches and revisions in which the researcher completes and refines the information obtained. However, at the time of writing the project it is required that the ideas are organized.
This step requires reading, as well as carrying out informal observations and dialogues with specialists in the area to be investigated. The outline of the ideas allows to register, organize, relate and outline the investigation.
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This aspect tries to describe what you intend to use and explain the research topic. This topic can deal with concepts that have already been investigated or with novel notions or future projections..
The topic begins to be delimited from the moment in which the research questions begin to be formulated.
Without the delimitations, there would not be the necessary criteria to review documentary antecedents or to know if it is necessary to carry out interviews, surveys or any other type of investigative resource, which must be adapted to the nature of the investigation.
When the central theme and the questions are not well defined, it is much more difficult to organize the general concept, the theoretical bases and its objectives..
Therefore, the first step in conducting an investigation is to determine what you want to investigate and how it will be done. Without answering a series of key questions, it is questionable whether the research will make sense and have a logical and definite orientation..
Some questions to ask at the beginning of an investigation include the following:
- "What?", Suggests the type of research you want to carry out and allows you to visualize the topic to be addressed.
- "Who?", Indicates which are the individuals or groups to be investigated.
- “About?” Refers to the general topic that will be studied in the research process. It talks about the title of the research, the concepts and the theories.
- "Why?", Corresponds to the justification, which implies arguing and reasoning the content to be evaluated.
- “What for?”, It is about identifying what is the main objective, what you want to achieve with the research.
- "How?" Includes the methods to be treated, and the strategies and techniques to be used during the investigation..
- "When?", Represents the stipulated time for the development of the entire investigative process.
- "Where?" Has to do with the geographical scope, the physical spaces available to carry out the research.
- "With what?", Refers to the resources or materials that are needed to carry out the research.
- "How much?", Constitutes the cost, the search for budgets and resources for research.
This step allows the researcher to become familiar with the subject, acquire knowledge, have a broader vision and create criteria to make possible decisions in the course of the investigation. This information can be obtained through a deep reading of referential authors.
Through the outline, the researcher must review and organize the information obtained and identify the most important aspects that are focused on the topic..
The investigative process is similar to a spiral. This means that each turn symbolizes an achievement in research. The research process begins with exploration and observation, which leads the researcher to ask various questions.
The first thing is to have collected all the information through a review of books, degree works, research reports, popular articles, scientific journals, press, among others..
Then the relevant material should be selected and the original sources should be prioritized, the entire material should be carefully reviewed, and statements not supported by an author should be excluded..
This is so because the data from the sources that support the research should appear in the bibliographic references; these sources reaffirm the theoretical bases.
The next thing is to carefully review the methodological process to be used to apply the instruments and the theoretical bases. In addition to including recent information, it is also valid to add classical authors, in the case of theories..
One of the tools used by researchers is chip storage. This format allows the information to be easily managed and located; each idea must be registered with the author's last name and the year.
Strauss and Corbin, 2012. “When talking about qualitative analysis, we are referring, not to the quantification of qualitative data, but to the non-mathematical process of interpretation, carried out with the purpose of discovering concepts and relationships in the raw data and then organizing them into a theoretical explanatory scheme ”(p.12).
It consists of a system of concepts that, grouped and organized according to universal statutes, allow approaches to specific objects of study.
The conceptual scheme has the particularity of being represented visually -either with drawings, pictures or symbols- and finally develops a general concept that is easy to understand.
In the conceptual scheme of any research, the basic elements that compose it are organized to carry a guide to the entire development and presentation of the subject.
1.1. Definition of television
1.2. Children's programming
2. Children's television in Spain
2.1. Characteristics
2.2. Educational television
Finally, the research outline must be reviewed, corrected and supported by the previous phases to ensure its perfect logical and argumentative order, and thus write the final ideas based on a traditional research format..
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