The hypoiodine acid, also known as hydrogen monoxoiodate (I) or iodol, it is an inorganic compound of formula HIO. It is an oxacid of iodine, with an oxygen atom, a hydrogen atom and an iodine atom with an oxidation state of 1+.
The compound is very unstable since it tends to undergo a dismutation reaction where it is reduced to molecular iodine and oxidized to iodine acid according to the reaction: 5HIO → 2Itwo + HIO3 + 2HtwoOR.
The compound is the weakest acid of the 1+ oxidation state halogen oxacids. The corresponding salts of this acid are known as hypoiodites.
These salts are more stable than acid and are formed similarly to their chlorine and bromine counterparts, by reacting molecular iodine with alkali or alkaline earth metal hydroxides..
Hypoiodine acid is produced by reacting molecular iodine with mercury (II) oxide (Egon Wiberg, 2001) according to the reaction:
2Itwo + 3HgO + HtwoO → 2HIO + HgItwo ● 2HgO
Traces of the compound are also obtained by reacting molecular iodine with potassium hydroxide to form, initially potassium iodide and potassium hypoiodite according to the reaction:
Itwo + 2KOH → KI + KIO
However, hypoiodoid acid, being such a weak acid, makes the hydrolyzing of potassium hypoiodite feasible unless there is excess potassium hydroxide (Holmyard, 1922).
KIO + HtwoO → HIO + KOH
It can also be obtained, like its chlorine and bromine counterparts, by reacting molecular iodine with water. However, given its low equilibrium constant, which is on the order of 10-13, the quantities obtained are very small (R.G. Compton, 1972).
Article index
Hypo-iodine acid only exists as an aqueous solution which is yellowish in color. The compound in solid state has not been isolated, so most of its properties are theoretically obtained through computational calculations (National Center for Biotechnology Information, 2017).
Hypoiodine acid has a molecular weight of 143.911 g / mol, a melting point of 219.81 ° C, a boiling point of 544.27 ° C, and a vapor pressure of 6.73 x 10-14 milimeters of mercury.
The molecule is very soluble in water, being able to dissolve between 5.35 x 105 and 8.54 x 105 grams of compound per liter of this solvent (Royal Society of Chemistry, 2015).
HOI is a strong oxidant and can form explosive mixtures. It is also a reducing agent and can be oxidized to the iodine, iodic and periodic forms of the acid. In aqueous solutions, being a weak acid, it partially dissociates into the hypoiodite ion (OI-) and H+.
HOI reacts with bases to form salts called hypoiodites. For example, sodium hypoiodite (NaOI), is formed by reacting hypoiodine acid with sodium hydroxide.
HOI + NaOH → NaOI + HtwoOR
Hypoiodine acid also easily reacts with a variety of organic molecules and biomolecules..
Hypoiodine acid is an unstable compound decomposing to elemental iodine. Iodine is a toxic compound that must be handled with care.
Hypoiodine acid is dangerous in case of contact with the skin (irritant), in contact with the eyes (irritant) and in cases of ingestion and inhalation.
In case of contact with the eyes, check whether you are wearing contact lenses and remove them immediately. Eyes should be flushed with running water for at least 15 minutes, keeping the eyelids open. Cold water can be used. Eye ointment should not be used.
If the chemical comes into contact with clothing, remove it as quickly as possible, protecting your own hands and body. Place the victim under a safety shower.
If the chemical accumulates on the exposed skin of the victim, such as hands, the contaminated skin is gently and carefully washed with running water and non-abrasive soap. Cold water can be used. If irritation persists, seek medical attention. Wash the contaminated clothing before using it again.
If the contact with the skin is severe, it should be washed with a disinfectant soap and cover the contaminated skin with an antibacterial cream..
In case of inhalation, the victim should be allowed to rest in a well-ventilated area. If inhalation is severe, the victim should be evacuated to a safe area as soon as possible. Loosen tight clothing such as a shirt collar, belt, or tie.
If the victim finds it difficult to breathe, oxygen should be administered. If the victim is not breathing, mouth-to-mouth resuscitation is performed. Always keeping in mind that it may be dangerous for the person providing aid to give mouth-to-mouth resuscitation when the inhaled material is toxic, infectious, or corrosive..
If swallowed, do not induce vomiting. Loosen tight clothing such as shirt collars, belts, or ties. If victim is not breathing, perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation.
In all cases, seek immediate medical attention..
Hypoiodine acid is used as a powerful oxidizing agent and as a reducing agent in laboratory reactions. It is used to produce chemical compounds known as hypoiodites..
Spectrophotometric methods are also used to measure the formation of hypoiodine acid to monitor reactions where iodine is involved (T. L. Allen, 1955).
Halides are incorporated into aerosols, where they begin the catalytic destruction of ozone (O3) over the oceans and affect the global troposphere. Two intriguing environmental problems undergoing ongoing investigation are: understanding how molecular halogens in the reactive gas phase are produced directly from inorganic halides exposed to O3 and restrict the environmental factors that control this interfacial process.
In the work of (Elizabeth A. Pillar, 2013), the conversion of iodide to hypoiodine acid by the action of ozone was measured through mass spectroscopy measurements to determine a model of ozone depletion in the atmosphere..
Yet No Comments