Liliaceae It is a taxonomic family consisting of a group of herbaceous and perennial monocotyledonous plants, frequently bulbous. They are characterized by their showy, large and colorful flowers, which have sepals and free or welded petals, as well as six extruded stamens and a super ovary..
This family is made up of approximately 300 genera of cosmopolitan distribution, mainly in temperate regions of the northern hemisphere. For example, the genres Lilium Y Tulipa stand out for the diversity of species of commercial interest cultivated around the world as ornamental plants.
Liliaceae are characterized by their underground reserve organs that sometimes constitute means of vegetative reproduction, such as bulbs, rhizomes or tuberous roots. Indeed, it is a very diversified family that is located in bushes, meadows, farmlands, forests and mountain areas.
Most have some economic importance, but some species are cultivated as edible plants, to take advantage of their medicinal properties or for their high ornamental value. Previously, the species of the genus Allium, such as garlic, onion or leek, were included in this classification, but currently constitute a separate family, the Alliaceae.
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Lilies are perennial herbs, mainly geophytes, with a starchy rhizome, tuberous roots, and a bulb or tuber. Sometimes they have a typical secondary growth of monocots. The roots are contractile, long and turgid, with numerous adventitious roots or simple hairs..
The simple, whole, alternate, narrow, spiral or whorled leaves are arranged around a modified stem in the form of a basal rosette. They generally lack petioles and stipules, but are sheathed at the base of the stem and have parallel venation.
These species have a great variety of inflorescences. Some grouped in spikes, panicles, clusters or umbels, others solitary or paired in axillary position. Generally hermaphrodites and actinomorphic with similar very showy tepals and petaloids, double and simple, free or united at the base in a tubular way.
Usually the fruits are loculicidal or septicidal capsules, sometimes a globular berry, occasionally nuciform. The seeds are small, globular and flat, although sometimes with integument or aril. They store high content of oils in their endosperm.
- Kingdom: Plantae.
- Division: Angiospermae.
- Class: Monocotyledoneae.
- Order: Liliales.
- Family: Liliaceae Juss.
- Subfamily 1: Lilioideae Eaton.
- Genders: Tulipa, Fritillaria, Lilium Y Gagea.
- Subfamily 2: Calochortoideae Dumortier.
- Genders: Calochortus, Streptopus, Scoliopus, Prosartes Y Tricyrtis.
- Subfamily 3: Medeoloideae.
- Genders: Clintonia Y Medeola.
The different species that make up the Liliácea family have colonized diverse environments from fields and meadows, to bushes and forests. Indeed, they are located altitudinally from sea level to mountain areas at 2,500-3,500 meters above sea level..
This family is made up of about 300 genera and more than 3,000 species distributed cosmopolitanly across the globe. In addition, they are found wild or commercially cultivated in temperate regions, mainly in the northern hemisphere..
They are generally species adapted to flat terrain such as countryside, mountain meadows or open ecosystems. In fact, many species have adapted to arid climates, so their structure has been transformed for the storage of water and nutrients.
Indeed, in times of drought they store liquids in their modified underground stems such as bulbs, tuberobulbs, tubers or rhizomes. In addition, the foliar area acts as storage structures, since the thickened epidermal layers of its leaves prevent water loss..
In their natural habitat they are very abundant in Mediterranean environments, where they are located in different environments such as thermophilic forests. Likewise, some species are located in the coastal maquia and degraded lands or intervened by man.
Lilies are grown primarily as ornamentals throughout the world, with lilies, lilies, and tulips being the most economically important. Among the most commercialized are lilies (Lilium sp.), tulips (Tulipa sp.), butterfly lilies (Calochortus sp.), giant lilies (Cardiocrinum sp.) or checkered (Fritillaria sp.).
The representative species of the genus Lilium They are herbaceous plants with leafy stems with covered underground bulbs that develop bulblets as a means of reproduction. They are characterized by their large fragrant flowers composed of six petals in a variety of colors that includes small spots or spots and six prominent stamens..
It constitutes a genus of more than 100 species native to the temperate regions of the northern hemisphere, being common throughout Europe. They are also located in the Mediterranean, Asia, Japan, India and the southern Philippines, as well as in Canada and the USA..
Tulips are a group of herbaceous, perennial and bulbous species, hybrids or varieties belonging to the genus Tulipa. Grown for the production of cut flowers and dry bulbs, its great diversity is guaranteed by the presence of more than 5,000 registered cultivars.
Among the main representatives is the common or garden tulip (Tulipa gesneriana L.). In addition, the species Tulipa agenensis, Tulipa bakeri, Tulipa fosteriana, Tulipa clusiana, Tulipa cream, Tulipa purissima, Tulipa takes Y Tulipa kaufmanniana.
Group of plants belonging to the genus Calochortus It comprises about 65 species of herbaceous and bulbous plants with a great diversity of floral morphology. In fact, its flowers are formed by three sepals and petals, free and differentiated, in shades of yellow, white, lavender, purple, pink or red..
Native to North America, they are distributed from Canada to Guatemala, its main use being ornamental due to its attractive flowers. They are commonly known as butterfly lily, globe lily, lantern, star tulip or cat's ear, the species being Calochortus venustus, the most commercialized.
The imperial crown is a wild bulbous plant grown in gardening as solitary flowers or in groups in parks or gardens. The Fritillaria imperialis is a species belonging to the genus Fritillaria, native to Afghanistan, Persia, Turkey, Pakistan and the Himalayan region.
Cultivated as ornamentals, cultivars with a wide range of yellow, red and orange tones have been obtained. In fact, its flowers are formed by a tuft covered by small green leaves from which numerous campanulate flowers hang..
The gender Nomocharis is a group of bulbous plants native to the mountainous areas of western China, northern India, and Burma. Its flowers are similar to lilies (Lilium) with the difference that in the nomocharis the flower is superficial and completely flat.
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