There are famous mathematicians that have stood out throughoutof history for their achievements and importance of their contributions to this formal science. Some of them have had a great passion for numbers, making discoveries regarding equations, measurements, and other numerical solutions that have changed the course of history..
They looked for ways to understand the world when it comes to numbers and their contributions have been very important to their generations and beyond. Here is a list of the most outstanding in history.
Albert Einstein excelled in mathematics from childhood. He liked to study mathematics on his own. He once said: "I never failed in mathematics, before I was fifteen I had mastered the differential integral calculus".
He also said: “Mathematical propositions, insofar as they have to do with reality, are not true; and insofar as they are true, they have nothing to do with reality ".
Discoveries:
Sir Isaac Newton's book, Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy, it became the catalyst for understanding mechanics. He is also the person credited for developing the binomial theorem.
Discoveries:
Leonardo Pisano, better known as Fibonacci, was considered "the most talented western mathematician of the Middle Ages".
He introduced the Arabic-Hindu number system to the Western world. In his book, Liber Abaci (Book of Calculus), included a sequence of numbers that today are known as "Fibonacci numbers".
Thales used the principles of mathematics, specifically geometry, to solve everyday problems.
He is considered the "first true mathematician." Its principles of deductive reasoning are applied in geometry. Thales' theorem is used to divide a segment into several equal parts.
The Pythagorean theorem says that in a right triangle: "the sum of the squares of the legs is equal to the square of the hypotenuse".
Pythagoras also devised the "Tetraktys", a triangular figure composed of ten points arranged in four rows.
The "Cartesian coordinate system”In mathematics he is named after René Descartes. As a mathematician, he is seen as the father of analytical geometry, further explaining the infinitesimal calculus. He also invented the method of exponents.
Archimedes provided principles and methods used in mathematics today. Among them the exact numerical value of pi, the development of a system for expressing large numbers, and the method of exhaustion.
He invented the Law of the Lever, which states that two weights are in equilibrium when they are at distances inversely proportional to their weights. He enunciated the principle of the lever: "Give me a fulcrum and I will move the Earth".
Archimedes' Principle: Every body immersed in a fluid experiences a vertical and upward thrust equal to the weight of fluid dislodged.
Economist, Nobel Prize in economics in 1994 for his contributions to game theory and negotiation processes.
The work of the American mathematician John Nash includes studies in differential geometry, game theory, and partial differential equations. He is best known for the Nash Embedding Theorem. His work in algebraic geometry is also considered a milestone in mathematics..
Pascal is recognized for two mathematical areas of study, projective geometry and probability theory. Blaise Pascal invented the first calculator. Found that atmospheric pressure decreases as altitude increases.
Pascal's triangle: Triangular arrangement of binomial coefficients in a triangle.
The earliest known "math books" are one written by the Greek mathematician Euclid. It serves as a textbook to teach geometry and mathematics. His mathematical system is known as "Euclidean geometry". With regard to mathematics, Euclides stated: "In mathematics there are no real paths".
The five principles of Euclid:
Famous for Scripture Āryabhaṭīya and the Arya-siddhanta. It is also known by solving the equation of the second degree. Some regard him as the father of decimal numbering.
The contribution of the Indian mathematician Aryabhatta includes his work in providing an approximate value for pi. He also touched on the concepts of sine, cosine, and the place value system. He also affirmed that the stars are fixed and the Earth rotates..
Ptolemy was famous for the Almagest or mathematical compilation, a treatise of 13 books where he explains the movement of the Sun, the Moon and the planets.
His model of the Universe is based on the idea that the Earth was immobile and was the center of the Universe, and that the Sun, the Moon, the planets and the stars, revolved around it..
Ada Lovelace is recognized as the world's first computer programmer. His math skills were evident at a young age. As part of her work, she produced a mathematical algorithm that would later be used in computers..
She thought that “imagination is the power of discovery, preeminently. It is what penetrates the worlds never seen around us, the worlds of science ”. The first programming language was named ADA in honor of her.
Turing's fame as a mathematician can be attributed to his formulation of algorithms and calculations for a computer, the Turing machine..
His mathematical knowledge aided the device's code-breaking techniques, specifically in WWII..
In 1948 Turing became interested in mathematical biology. He cracked the Nazi "unbreakable" code called Enigma and thanks to it, it can be said that the Nazis lost World War II.
Theorems and discoveries:
Ramanujan was a genius in mathematics. It helped expand mathematical theory, particularly in continued fractions, infinite series, mathematical analysis, and number theory. Conducted mathematical research in isolation.
Benjamin Banneker was a self-taught mathematician. He used his mathematical skills to predict an eclipse and the seventeen-year cycle of locusts.
Omar Khayyám wrote one of the most important books in mathematics, the Treatise on Proving Algebra Problems. In the area of geometry, Khayyám worked on the "theory of proportions".
Eratosthenes provided the concept of a simple algorithm as a way to locate prime numbers. The Eratosthenes sieve has been used to find the prime numbers.
The mathematical evaluation of self-replication by John von Neumann came before the DNA model was introduced. Other mathematical topics he addressed include "mathematical formulation of quantum mechanics," "game theory," mathematics, and mathematical economics. His contribution to the study of "operator theory" is an extremely important contribution.
As an amateur mathematician, de Fermat is given recognition for his work that has led to the infinitesimal calculus. He applied the use of "adequacy" to explain his mathematical constructions. He also contributed to the mathematical fields of analytical geometry, differential calculus, and number theory..
John Napier is responsible for manufacturing logarithms. It was also he who applied the daily use of the decimal point in mathematics and arithmetic. There is a mathematical unit of measurement related to the telecommunications area that was dedicated to him: The neper or neperio.
Leibniz's work on the infinitesimal calculus was completely separate from Isaac Newton's study. Its mathematical notation is still in use.
He also proposed the mathematical principle known as the Transcendental Law of Homogeneity. His refinement of the binary system has become a foundation in mathematics.
Andrew Wiles was successful in proving "Fermat's last theorem." He also used the "Iwasawa theory" to identify elliptical curves using his complex multiplication system. Wiles, with a colleague, worked on rational numbers under the "Iwasawa theory".
In cumulative algebra, the use of "Hilbert's basis theory" has produced variable results. David Hilbert explored and improved upon ideas such as "axiomatization of geometry" and "invariant theory." Functional analysis, a branch of mathematical analysis, is based on the formulation of the "Hilbert space theory".
Hydrodynamics by Daniel Bernoulli was a book that addressed the mathematical principles applied in other sciences. I also provide the theoretical explanation of gas pressure on the walls of a container:
"Throughout any fluid current the total energy per unit mass is constant, being constituted by the sum of pressure, kinetic energy per unit volume and potential energy also per unit volume".
The 15th century friar and mathematician Luca Pacioli developed an accounting or accounting methods that are still used today. Because of this, Pacioli is seen by many as the "father of accounting.".
Fundamental principles:
One of the basic theories in mathematics is set theory, thanks to the work of Georg Cantor. Helped define the importance of the principle of "one-to-one correspondence", as well as introduce cardinal and ordinal numbers.
George Boole and his ideas on mathematics were in the field of algebraic logic and differential equations. He is the source of what is known as "Boolean logic" in algebra. This and other mathematical concepts are part of his book "The Laws of Thought".
Sophie Germain worked extensively in the mathematical field of number theory and differential geometry.
Emmy Noether and her work on abstract algebra make it one of the most important mathematics of its time. Introduced theories on algebraic variants and number fields.
In the Noether article, Theory of Ideals in Ring Domains, presented his ideas on the "commutative ring", a sub-area of abstract algebra.
"The prince of mathematicians" is known for his number theory, the Gaussian function or his contribution to mathematical analysis or algebra. He appears last on the list, but he is possibly the most important mathematician in history.
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