There are different types of force depending on its meaning, magnitude or intensity, application and direction. Force is any agent that has the ability to modify the state in which a body is, regardless of whether it is in motion or at rest..
The force can also be an element that causes the deformation of a body. In the field of physics it can be defined as a vector quantity that is responsible for measuring the intensity of the exchange of linear momentum between elements. To measure force it is necessary to know its units and values, but also the place where it is applied and in what direction.
To represent the force graphically, you can choose a vector. But this must have four basic elements: sense, point of application, magnitude or intensity and line of action or direction..
Article index
There are several types of forces, some called fundamental forces of nature and others that are expressions of these basic interactions..
This is one of the best known forces, especially since it was one of the first to be studied. It is the force of attraction that is generated between two bodies.
In fact, the weight of a body is due to the action exerted by the earth's gravitational attraction on it. The force of gravity is conditioned by both the distance and the mass of both bodies.
The universal law of gravitation was discovered by Isaac Newton and was published in 1686. Gravity is what allows bodies to fall on Earth. And it is also responsible for the movements that are observed in the Universe.
That is, the fact that the Moon orbits around the Earth or that the planets orbit around the Sun is a product of the gravitational force.
The second everyday force is electromagnetic interactions, which include electrical and magnetic forces. It is a force that affects two bodies that are electrically charged.
It is produced with greater intensity than the gravitational force and also, it is the force that allows chemical and physical modifications of molecules and atoms..
The electromagnetic force can be divided into two types. The force between two charged particles at rest is called the electrostatic force. Unlike gravity, which is always an attractive force, in this the force can be both repulsive and attractive. But when the force arises between two particles that are in motion, another force called magnetic superimposes.
It is the strongest type of interaction that exists and is the one that is responsible for holding the components of the atomic nuclei together. It acts in the same way between two nucleons, neutrons or protons and is more intense than the electromagnetic force, although it has a smaller range.
The electrical force present between protons causes them to repel each other but the great gravitational force that exists between the nuclear particles makes it possible to counteract this repulsion in order to maintain the stability of the nucleus..
Known as the weak force, this is the type of interaction that allows the beta decay of neutrons. Its scope is so short that it is only relevant at a core scale. It is a less intense force than the strong one, but more intense than the gravitational one. This type of force can cause attractive and repellent effects, as well as generate modifications in the particles involved in the process..
Beyond the classification of the main forces, the force can also be divided into two important categories: distance forces and contact forces. The first is when the surface of the bodies involved does not rub..
This is the case with the force of gravity and the electromagnetic force. And the second is a direct contact between the bodies that physically interact as when a chair is pushed..
Contact forces are these types of forces.
This is the force exerted by a surface on an object that is supported by it. In this case, the magnitude and direction of the body are exerted in the opposite direction to the body on which it rests. And the force acts perpendicular and out of said surface.
This is the kind of force we see when we prop a book on a table, for example. There the object is at rest on the surface and in this interaction the weight and the contact force are the only ones that act..
In this case, it is the force that an object or a human being transfers to another body, be it another object or another human. The applied force always acts directly on the body, which means that direct contact always occurs. This is the type of force used when kicking a ball or pushing a box.
This is the type of force that occurs when a spring, compressed or stretched, seeks to return to its state of inertia. This class of objects are made to return to a state of equilibrium and the only way to achieve this is through force.
The movement occurs because this type of object stores an energy called potential. And it is this that exerts the force that returns it to its original state.
This is a type of force that emerges directly from the electromagnetic force. This force arises when electrical charges are in motion. Magnetic forces depend on the velocities of the particles and have a normal direction with respect to the velocity of the charged particle on which they exert their action..
It is a type of force that is linked to magnets but also to electric currents. It is characterized by producing attraction between two or more bodies.
In the case of magnets, they have a south end and a north end, and each of them attracts the opposite ends to themselves in another magnet. Which means that while like poles repel each other, opposites attract. This type of attraction also occurs with some metals.
This is the type of force that is produced between two or more charges and the intensity of these will depend directly on the distance that exists between said charges, as well as on their values..
As in the case of the magnetic force with equal poles, charges with the same sign will repel each other. But the ones with different signs will attract each other. In this case, the forces will be more intense depending on how close the bodies are to each other..
This is the type of force that occurs when a body is slid over a surface or is attempted to do so. Frictional forces never aid movement, which means they oppose it..
It is basically a passive force that tries to slow or even prevent the movement of the body, regardless of the direction taken.
There are two types of friction force: dynamic and static.
The first is the force required for the motion of two interacting bodies to be uniform. This is the force that opposes the movement of the body.
The second, the static force, is the one that establishes the minimum force necessary to move a body. This force should be equal to the surface with which the two bodies involved in the movement have contact..
The friction force plays a fundamental role in daily life. With regard to static friction, it is a very useful force, since it is what allows humans to walk as they do and it is also what allows the action of holding a pencil.
Without this force, wheeled transport as it is known today would not exist. The dynamic friction has the same importance, since it is the force that allows to stop any body in motion.
This is the type of force that occurs when a rope, wire, spring, or cable is tied to a body and then pulled or pulled tight. This interaction occurs parallel to the tied object and away from it in the opposite direction..
In this case, the value of the tension force is equivalent to that of the tension possessed by the rope, the spring, the cable, etc., at the moment the force is applied..
This type of force is also known as air resistance, because it is the force exerted on a body while it is moving through the air. The aerodynamic drag force creates opposition so that the body is hindered from moving forward in the air.
This means that the resistance that the object puts up is always in the opposite direction to the speed of the body. In any case, this type of force can only be perceived - or is perceived more clearly - when it comes to large bodies or when it moves at high speeds. That is, the lower the speed and size of the object, the lower its resistance to air..
This is the type of force that occurs when a body is immersed in water or any other liquid. In this case, the body appears to be much lighter.
This is because when an object is submerged, two forces act at the same time. The weight of your own body, which pushes you down, and another force that pushes you from the bottom up.
When this force occurs, the contained liquid rises in level because the floating body displaces part of the water. On the other hand, to know if a body is capable of floating, it is necessary to know what the specific weight of this body is..
To determine this, you must divide the weight by the volume. If the weight is greater than the thrust, the body will sink, but if it is less, it will float.
If you want to determine the resultant force that an action exerts on a particle, it is necessary to analyze another type of force, that of binding. A material point is said to be linked when there are physical problems that limit its movements.
It is then these physical limitations that are called ligatures. This type of force does not produce movement. Rather, its function is to prevent movements produced by active forces that are not compatible with ligatures..
This type of force does not have a fundamental character like the first four basic forces, nor is it derived from them. But it's still important to quantum mechanics.
As its name implies, the molecular force is the one that acts between the molecules. These are manifestations of the electromagnetic interaction between the nuclei and electrons of one molecule with those of another..
The forces to which the body responsible for acting on the particle can be identified are known as real forces. But to calculate the acceleration of these forces a referential element is needed that must be inert.
The inertial force is then the one that acts on the mass when a certain body is subjected to an acceleration. This type of force can only be observed in accelerated reference frames.
This type of force is what keeps astronauts glued to their seats when a rocket takes off. This force is also responsible for throwing a person against the car's windshield during a crash. The inertial forces have the same direction but a direction opposite to that of the acceleration to which the mass is subjected.
Force acting on all the particles of a given body, such as magnetic or gravitational forces.
They act only on the surface of a body. They are divided into distributed (weight of a beam) and punctual (when hanging a pulley).
The body that exerts the force comes into direct contact. For example, a machine that pushes a piece of furniture.
The body that exerts the force does not come into contact. They are the gravitational, nuclear, magnetic and electrical forces.
The direction and intensity of the force changes little, like the weight of snow or a house.
The force acting on the object varies rapidly, as in impacts or earthquakes.
Forces whose directions are opposite. For example, when two cars of the same weight and going at the same speed collide.
For example, when a truck collides with a small car. The force of the truck is greater, and therefore they are unbalanced.
They are forces that are always present. For example, the weight of a building or a body.
Forces that can appear and disappear, like the wind.
Force exerted by an object that moves or modifies another. For example, a person who hits a wall.
The body on which the force is applied exerts a reaction force. For example, a wall, when hit, exerts a reaction force.
Yet No Comments