The macro-location of a project or company It consists of deciding the most advantageous region where a company or business will be located; describes the general geographic area in which a project is to be located. Cities and regions emerge through the symbiosis of benefits that are generated from the grouping of companies and people.
Thus, a functional macroeconomic situation serves as the basis for making property locations attractive and is therefore a prerequisite for an investment. For this reason, macro-location analysis is extremely important..
Analysis is not only useful in the context of the investment decision to be made. Rather, it is advisable to make constant reviews of the macro-location for investors and owners.
Generally, the relative importance of macrolocation with respect to microlocation increases as the size of the project and ownership.
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In the macro-location of a project or company, the following factors should be taken into account:
They are those related to the natural circumstances that prevail in the different regions of the country, such as climatic conditions, levels of environmental waste and pollution, and actions to avoid pollution of the environment..
They also include the characteristics and availability of the communication routes (air routes, roads and highways, railways, etc.), as well as the state of these routes..
Likewise, it takes into account the availability of the land, insofar as it has an adequate surface due to its topographic characteristics and whose costs are reasonable..
They are related to the adaptation of the project to the community and the environment. These factors are seldom addressed, but they are no less important for that..
Specifically, they refer to the development trends of the region, the general level of social services and living conditions that the community has, such as hospitals, schools, cultural facilities, recreational centers and for the training of employees..
The community's attitude towards the establishment of the company and the interest of social and community forces are also taken into account..
They correspond to the costs of inputs and supplies in that place, such as raw materials, labor, electricity, water and fuels..
On the other hand, it considers usable infrastructure, as well as the proximity of raw materials and consumer markets..
The availability of different means of transport (vehicles, buses, trains) must be taken into account, in addition to their costs, as well as the availability of communications, in terms of telephone lines and Internet access..
They are related to the strategies, plans or development programs, rules, regulations and specific regulations on industrial decentralization.
It takes into consideration regional laws and policies, infrastructure of public services, the impact of the project on the environment and the approval of the corresponding institutions for the license.
A distinction must be made between tangible and intangible location factors. After determining the structure of the macro-location, which depends on the location and the corresponding type of use, the following key location factors are analyzed.
- Population structure (for example, migration trends).
- Age, income, and household structure.
- Employment and economic development.
- Degree of diversification of the local economic structure.
- Public institutions (ministries, courts, etc.).
In addition to tangible location factors, the results of which can often be objectified, intangibles are also important. For example, the image people have of the location should also be examined in the analysis.
The macro-location of a project or company aims to find the most favorable location for the project, determining the most relevant socio-economic indicators and physical characteristics, in such a way that it covers the requirements or demands that help reduce investment costs..
Likewise, this location found should help minimize operating expenses and costs during the entire productive period of the project..
The previously arduous process of evaluating possible country locations has become more and more of objective data analysis and less of field work..
You can set very specific criteria for your site search. For example, you can define a site in a community where the workforce is made up of at least 25% young people under 30 years of age, but not more than 50%.
You can specify a site that is no more than 10 kilometers from a certain provider or that is no more than a day away from at least four customers. Much of this relevant information is available from public sources.
After the data from all available sites is analyzed, using the specified criteria, a list can be generated that ranks the sites based on a score, basically rating how well each site matches the criteria..
The locations with the best ratings will make up a short list of the best options. From there, the localization team can evaluate them and use other resources to help select the optimal location from the list..
The factors that were taken into account when deciding where to install a restaurant project in the Aragua region, in the city of Cagua, were the following in terms of macro-location:
Based on a previously conducted investigation, it was concluded that the city of Cagua does not have a restaurant that offers the typical gastronomy of the region..
The amount of the investment is $ 30,000. This amount will be used to equip the property. It is not necessary to spend on the purchase or rental of the land, as it is owned by the restaurant.
The main access road to the city of Cagua is the national highway, which is in good condition.
There is also the intercommunal highway, where you can get to the city of Cagua through the city of Turmero. This road is dirt, which makes it passable but going slowly and carefully.
Another of the accesses to Cagua is also by the intercommunal highway, but from the city of La Villa. This road is paved, which makes it passable.
The tourist destination of La Victoria is 10 kms away from Cagua, and Maracay is 18 kms.
The city has electricity, drinking water, telephone communication and fairly stable Internet access.
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