María Amalia Goyri and Goyri (1873-1954) was a well-known Spanish writer, teacher, philologist and researcher who lived between the second half of the 19th century and the first half of the 20th century..
In addition, she was an important activist for women's rights. Her courage went further, and she became the second formal female student at the University of Spain, in the career of letters and philosophy..
Goyri was a woman dedicated to study, learning and helping others to grow. He inspired others to be better, he served as constant support to the youth that was being formed, both in the well-known Residencia de Señoritas and in the Instituto Escuela.
The work of this writer was focused on the pedagogical part, and also on the investigation of issues related to literature. She was also a woman concerned about the social problems that Spain of her time experienced. The children were his weakness and greatest sensitivity.
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María Goyri was born on August 29, 1873 in the city of Madrid. No information is known about the father of the writer. However, it is precisely known that her mother was Amalia Goyri, who sowed in the author a love for studies and learning.
The time in which María grew up, at the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th, was difficult for women, due to the conservative belief that females should be destined for housework and consecrated to marriage. Goyri's mother wanted a different future for her daughter.
At the age of twelve, the adolescent began studying at the Business School of the Association for Women's Education. At the same time he attended sports classes in a gym. After the first studies she managed to obtain the degrees of Governess and professor of commerce.
Goyri's academic interest increased, so he attended the Spanish University as a listener to classes in philosophy and letters, from 1891 until the following year. He then asked for an entry for women to be opened, and the request was granted, but under certain conditions..
In 1893 she began to go to the university as a regular student, but she had to always sit next to the professor and also enter classes with him. At the same time, he was forbidden to be in the corridors. Three years later he obtained a bachelor's degree, and in 1909 a doctorate.
Love surprised the writer at the Ateneo's School of Higher Studies, where she met the historian and philologist Ramón Menéndez Pidal, who was her teacher, and whom she married in 1900. The couple had three children: Ramón, Jimena and Gonzalo . The girl followed in her mother's footsteps.
María Goyri taught literature in what was the first university training center for women, known as the Residencia de Señoritas. In the same way, he participated in the drafting of teaching schemes for children, and in the Spanish literature projects at the Instituto Escuela.
In the area of research, one of his most famous works was a study on the Spanish ballads, defined as a lyrical writing composed mostly of eight-syllable verses. Her husband participated in the scans, and in a way she has had credit taken away.
On the other hand, in her endeavor to equalize women with the advantages and rights that men had, she dedicated herself to writing in the Popular Magazine some articles called Female Chronicles. The purpose of the texts was to get women to study and work, and their work to be recognized.
It is important to note that María Goyri was sincerely interested in children. The issue of education and equality among the smallest moved its fibers. He materialized his ideas with the creation of the “Delinquent Child Protectorate”, to give teaching and the opportunity to be better.
The Civil War of 1936 surprised Goyri and his family in Segovia. The militarization forced them to go to a nearby municipality. The family became the object of observation of the dictator Franco, and María was classified as influencing her relatives, and as being dangerous.
Goyri and her husband were forced into silence, and forced to withdraw from teaching. However, the writer continued to dedicate herself to the family library, and to expand research on romances and their types, for the Romancero Archive.
María Goyri died on November 28, 1824, when she was eighty-one years old. His legacy was one of bravery and courage, he did not let social conventions limit his abilities. Her struggle, intelligence, attitude and aptitude, left the mark of being a pioneer in the areas she developed.
María Goyri inherited her ideals from her daughter, in the same way that her mother did with her. His work in the social area allowed Spanish society to advance towards a path of equality and opportunities. His work was ahead of its time.
The work of the writer focused on her reliable research on romance verse. Many others were directed towards the defense of women as an important component of society. Here are the most relevant titles:
- Romance of the death of D. Juan (1902).
- Romances to be found in oral tradition (1907).
- Series of articles on Count Lucanor (1899).
- Romania (1900).
- The deceased sued in Spanish literature: a study of comparative literature (1909).
- The deceased defendant, essay (1909).
- Fables and tales in verse (1933).
- Don Juan Manuel and medieval tales (1936).
- From Lope de Vega and Ballads (1953).
- Traditional ballads of Hispanic languages (1957).
- What women think of his education. One information (1893).
- Female chronicles (1898).
"The next Feminist Congress ”(a series of newsletters published in 1899).
- Women in the world of work and Women's education (a series of the so-called "Feminine Chronicles" published in the Popular Magazine in 1898).
- The centers of feminine culture (1905).
- First rehearsal of school romancero (1896).
Many of Goyri's works were developed within the essay genre.
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