The news is a journalistic text that can be written, auditory or audiovisual, which is based on an objective narration of a current event, of public interest and novelty. The professional who compiles the news and writes the journalistic notes is the journalist or social communicator.
One of the most notable features of the news is that it must be transmitted as objectively as possible, without involving the opinions of the journalist or subjective features. An example could be: “Three injured after colliding two cars on Avenida de los Insurgentes, in Mexico City, were taken to the nearest hospital. So far there are no fatalities ".
The journalist (s) are in charge of searching for the information, either by interviewing the eyewitnesses or by being present at the scene of the incident..
In general, the news has the following characteristics:
The journalist's opinions cannot be expressed on the news, whether or not he agrees with what is happening. The text should never be written in the first person (I, we).
The news is told, so the form it takes must be narrative.
The news, to be news, must address issues of public interest and be recent in time, current. Something that happened a year ago is not strictly considered news, unless there is something relevant at the time of publication.
The news text must be written in non-specialized, informative language, so that anyone can understand what they read.
The information must be hierarchical. The usual structure of the news is the inverted pyramid, where the most important information is in the first paragraphs, and the least important towards the end.
The news must be real facts, supported by verifiable sources that support the information provided. This is one of the most important characteristics of a news item, as it is what gives credibility to both the journalist and the medium that broadcasts it..
The news can be presented orally, written, auditory or audiovisual, depending on the media (radio, TV, newspaper or newspaper, internet).
A news item is generally structured in four parts: headline, lead, body and closing.
The headline is a set of elements that includes the pretitle, the title and the subtitle. It's the hook for readers to stay. The headline must summarize the news, so it must be short, precise and concise.
It is a first paragraph where the information is concentrated, your most relevant and important data.
The body is the development of information, which advances in reading. Here the information is structured from highest to lowest importance, where the inverted pyramid is applied.
The news must be written from the most specific to the most general. To do this, the first paragraph of the body must answer 5 fundamental questions (5 W, in English), which every journalist must meet:
There are other theorists who include the "How?", But generally in the rest of the news this last question is answered, also providing other data of less importance, but that can expand on what was previously stated..
To mark the context, it is common for the journalist to include references to other related news or previous events.
It is the conclusion, secondary ideas can be added to expand the information that is given to the reader.
They can be classified into two large groups: by their theme and by the treatment of the subject.
Below we place the relevant news headlines from the last two years.
The Secretary of Public Security and Citizen Protection, Alfonso Durazo, assured this Friday morning that the work to arrest Ovidio Guzmán López, son of Joaquín 'El Chapo' Guzmán Loera, continues "(The reason, Mexico, 01-11-2019).
The number of infections now rises to 5,469 ”(Medical Gazette, Spain, 24-01-2020).
The death of George Floyd at the hands of the North American police has unleashed massive protests both in the United States and in the rest of the world in the midst of a pandemic ”(seen in The vanguard, Spain, 08-06-2020).
The joint session of both chambers confirmed that the Democrat and the vice president-elect, Kamala Harris, surpassed the barrier of 270 electoral votes that gives the keys to the White House, with a total of 306, and therefore they will come to power next 20 January ”(seen on the news portal infobae.com, Argentina, 01-07-2021).
Since Thursday and throughout the weekend, the Peninsula suffers a formidable storm of snow, rain, wind, rough seas and low temperatures ”(seen in The country, Spain, 09-01-2021).
A Capitol heavily fenced and guarded by the National Guard in the final days of Donald Trump's presidency ”(seen at https://www.bbc.com/mundo/noticias-internacional-55583766), news portal BBC, United Kingdom, 12-01-2021.
There are more than 3 million requests to vaccinate older adults.
The goal is to register 14,460,754 requests for the Covid-19 vaccine for older adults ”(seen in The reason, Mexico, 06-02-2021).
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