The existential questions they have marked the future of people. These existentialist questions and doubts have been the object of the thoughts of great philosophers. Since man has set foot on Earth, he has had to become aware of his qualities, but also know his own limits derived from his human condition. From then on, and as he evolved and perfected his reasoning, he began to ask himself questions.
In the Greek world, ancient China, pre-Columbian peoples, many thinkers from different latitudes have tried to answer these questions. However, to this day, many of them remain unanswered..
Religions also do the same, setting their visions in sacred books. While empirical science has answered only the observed reality.
Philosophy has been in charge of proposing thesis and reflecting on the meaning of life, happiness, love, faith, the universe, being, God, etc. Given this, we must mention Rousseau, Wittgenstein, Sartre, Nietzche, Schopenhauer, among others. Next, I invite you to meditate on some existential questions.
You can also see the 14 most important philosophical currents and their representatives.
Question posed by a Swiss philosopher, in the 18th century. "Man was born free and yet, everywhere he is in chains," said Jean-Jacques Rousseau, pointing to laws, family, duties, etc., imposed by the social system.
Essential question of human thought. In sacred texts, religions and even the French Jean Baudrillard, they have meditated on this matter. Ludwig Wittgenstein argued that in pain would be found the foundation of human and universal reality. The question remains open.
It is one of the most existential questions out there. Scholastics like Saint Thomas Aquinas, Saint Augustine or Saint Francis of Assisi, will say that he exists and that he is the creator of everything. While Sartre, Nietszche or Schopenhauer will say otherwise. There is a free will when it comes to believing.
Some will say that it is because human beings have a language, although there are other forms of communication, such as non-verbal communication. Experts have yet to come up with a conclusive answer. According to the writer Carmen Conde: "Language is the most human thing that exists".
Question asked by the German philosopher, Friedrich Nietzsche. The thinker raises this question to speculate on whether it is the human being by mistake invented God or it was the Most High who, by mistake, created man in the image and likeness.
To avoid suffocating others with the apathy that leisure causes in man, Nietzsche argued in the nineteenth century, that you have to enjoy existence. You have to live the present intensely and not be chained to the past in life, because it is ephemeral.
"In education, and nothing else", answered the German philosopher, Immanuel Kant, to his own question, which he asserted in the 18th century. Gives training a leading role in human development.
Essential question that human beings have asked themselves, since their origins, and that religion has tried to answer with its different creeds, manifested in sacred books, which speak of paradise, hell, reincarnation and emancipation of the soul.
Edmund Husserl, considered the father of phenomenology, considered that to understand a phenomenon the researcher must first know his own condition, put aside prejudices and accept that there is an external world independent of being.
It is already known that the Greek Socrates said the famous phrase "know yourself." Well, "to find yourself, think for yourself", responds the philosopher himself. Phrase in favor of creating one's own criteria through reflection.
This question outlines the distinction between rational and irrational beings, which marked the thought of Socrates.
"The richest is he who is content with little," Socrates responded to his own questioning. Humility for him is one more quality, in which he could stand out or not, but which always resulted from practical experience..
"The first and fundamental law of nature is to seek peace," said the British philosopher, Thomas Hobbes, who believed that peace is the foundation of all regulations..
"Morally, there is no excuse for terrorist acts, regardless of the motive or the situation in which they are carried out", sentenced the contemporary philosopher, Jürgen Habermas. The German believes there is no reason to attack innocent people.
Faced with such doubt, the Danish philosopher, Kierkegaard said: "The human being is a synthesis of the temporal and the eternal, of the finite and the infinite." For him, man is a compendium between the opposites of life.
"The happy man is one who, being a king or a peasant, finds peace in his home", answers this question, Johann Wolfgang Goethe. German thinker, poet and playwright, considered one of the most intelligent of the 19th century.
It has been something that man has questioned since memorial time. The pre-Socratics, in ancient Rome, the Middle Ages, the Renaissance and even today, thinkers from all over the world have wanted to answer this. Not yet found Will it ever be found?
Part of the human condition is precisely not knowing how to answer this, Hegel and Marx would say. While the Chilean constructivist Humberto Maturana will say that the human is the architect of his own destiny, therefore, he creates his purpose to live.
We have all wondered that at times. Some philosophers believe that the answer lies outside us in objective reality, as posited by the French positivist, Auguste Comte. Or the response of the being is given by the grace of God, according to Saint Thomas Aquinas.
There are several that answer that. According to Ortega y Gasset, love for someone comes from the deep side of the human mind. For Sigmund Freud it is the life instinct (eros). San Clemente, of the School of Alexandria seems to have reduced love as "perfection itself".
"The biggest lie", the Chilean Alejandro Jodorowsky would say. The individual recognizes his "I", with the ego, says psychology. "The Tibetan Book of Life and Death", by Sogyal Rinpoche, says: "As long as we do not expose the ego, it will continue to cajole us.".
"The source of fear is in the future, and he who frees himself from the future has nothing to fear," said the Czech writer Milan Kundera. The uncertainty about what will happen in the future is the cause of fear, according to the author.
According to Heraclitus, a pre-Socratic philosopher: “there is nothing permanent except change (…) You cannot step on the same river twice”. "Changes everything changes," says a song by the folklorist, Violeta Parra. They both see permanent change as an opportunity.
Unanswered question that various philosophers in history have tried to answer. What secret impulse in the physical universe was the decisive factor in turning nothingness into something? It's a question posed today by quantum physicists.
There is no universality on which ethical norms are the best for coexistence. Although there is consensus on what human rights are, there are still differences between the eastern and western world, on, for example, valuing terrorism.
Chilean poet Pablo Neruda responds: “Happiness is interior; therefore, it does not depend on what we have, but on what we are ”. "Happiness is not something that is found, but rather it is built," says Arnaud Desjardins..
"Success is easy to obtain. The difficult thing is to deserve it ”, answers Albert Camus to this question. While Woody Allen maintains: "90% of success is based simply on insisting." Consistency and discipline are the key to obtaining it, according to them.
Although they are a human invention, their essence remains a mystery. What is 2 or 5? They are figures, but they do not say anything, they only quantify something. Wittgenstein put numbers on the same level as colors "So what is red?" He wondered..
"The noblest pleasure is the joy of understanding," said Leonardo Da Vinci in the Renaissance. "Pleasure is one of the mystical ways of union with the infinite, the ecstasies of drink, dance, love", raised the British writer, Aldous Huxley.
“Peace comes from within. Don't look for it outside, ”Buddha said. “Peace is not something that happens to you. Peace is part of who you are, ”Osho responds. Both agree that peace must be sought in oneself and not abroad.
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