Orography of Guanajuato Main Characteristics

The orography From guanajuato It is made up of several topoform systems such as sierra, plain, plateau, valley, and canyon. Topoforms are geoforms that can be reduced, geometrically, to a small number of topographic features.

Those geoforms associated with each other according to structural or degradative patterns and that, in addition, keep a landscape unit, form topoform systems.

On the other hand, according to its physiography, the territory of the Mexican nation is divided into provinces and subprovinces. The surface of the state of Guanajuato is part of the provinces of Sierra Madre Oriental, Mesa del Centro and Eje Neovolcánico.

Characteristics of the orography of Guanajuato

Guanajuato includes several mountain ranges such as the Sierra Gorda and the Sierra Central. To the north of this entity, the region of Los Altos receives the alternate name of Lomas de Arribeñas, since they are located at 2,000 masl (meters above sea level).

In general, these are mid-altitude elevations. Among them, the highest are:

-Sierra los Agustinos (3,110 masl)

-Cerro Azul (2,980 masl)

-Cerro la Giganta (2,960 masl)

-Cerro el Jardín 2,950 (masl)

-Cerro Grande (2,930 masl).

Neovolcanic axis

The largest amount of surface in the state is located on the volcanic axis with a proportion of 49.37%.

This physiographic area is the one with the greatest variation in relief and rock types, and it is also the highest mountain range in the country..

In Guanajuato, the subprovinces of this axis are Altos de Jalisco, Bajío Guanajuatense, Plains and Sierras de Querétaro and Hidalgo, Sierras and Bajíos Michoacanos and Mil Cumbres.

On the other hand, its topoforms are the following:

-Plain (16.29%)

-Sierra (8.09%)

-Sierra with hills (3.82%)

-Plateau with ravines (3.74%)

-Lomerío (3.50%)

-Hillock with plain (3.49%)

-Plain, lake vessel (3.09%)

-Plateau with hills (2.86%)

-Hillock with plateaus (1.46%)

-Plateau (0.88%)

-Lomerío with ravines (0.80%)

-Valley (0.47%)

-Plateau saw (0.27%)

Center table

The Mesa del Centro comprises 45.31% of the state territory. For the most part, it is a flat province, characterized by wide plains that are interrupted by some mountain ranges.

Its highest elevations are in the Sierra de Guanajuato (up to 2,500 m). The Guanajuato subprovinces are: Plains of Ojuelos-Aguascalientes, Sierras and Plains of the North of Guanajuato, Sierra Cuatralba and Sierra de Guanajuato.

Now, its topoforms are:

-Sierra (19.86%)

-Plain (9.49%)

-Plain with hills (6.54%)

-Plateau with ravines (5.00%)

-Lomerío (2.44%)

-Plain with ravines (0.61%)

-Lomerío with ravines (0.57%)

-Plateau (0.40%)

-Valley (0.40%) 

Sierra Madre Oriental

The Sierra Madre Oriental constitutes only 5.32% of the relief of Guanajuato. Located in the east of the country, this province has a northwest-southeast direction, while its most common type of rock is sedimentary..

In the case of Guanajuato, the only subprovince is Carso Huasteco with two topoforms: sierra (4.83%) and canyon (0.49%).

References

1. National Institute of Statistic and Geography. (2015). Statistical and geographic yearbook of Guanajuato 2015. Mexico: INEGUI.
2. Bocco, G .; Mendoza, M.E .; Priego, A. and Burgos, A. (2009). The cartography of natural systems as a basis for territorial planning. Mexico D. F .: National Institute of Ecology.
3. General Coordination of the National Services of Statistics, Geography and Informatics (s / f). Geographical Synthesis of Guanajuato. Retrieved on November 5, 2017, from internet.contenidos.inegi.org.mx.
4. Edaphological, physiographic, climatic and hydrographic characteristics of Mexico. (2008, January 29). Retrieved on November 5, 2017, from inegi.org.mx.
5. White, M; Parra, A. and Ruiz Medrano, E. (2016). Guanajuato. Brief story. Mexico City: Economic Culture Fund.