The totalizing vision it is one of the main characteristics of philosophy. This vision suggests that man must not only concentrate on the study of things, but must also delve into the causes and consequences of the phenomena that are part of their context..
The totalizing vision encompasses a series of aspects, such as the study of all the elements that surround man; this gives it its universal character. In addition, this vision does not focus on one field of study, since it wants to find all the possible answers..
Likewise, this vision explores knowledge itself and reason, as well as the foundation and origin of things. Through the totalizing or universal vision, philosophy seeks to satisfy man's need to know about his surroundings. Thanks to this approach, different branches of study were developed to achieve this goal..
Article index
-The universal study or the totalizing vision of philosophy began in ancient Greece with the approaches of Plato, Aristotle and Socrates.
-Socrates outlined the problem of the universality of things, from actions to words. This initiative began in the study of virtues; with this the essence-man relationship was established.
-At first the universal problem focused on taking general aspects to understand man and nature. For this reason Plato differentiated the world of things from that of ideas. The relationship between the two allowed mutual existence: the particular was a reflection of the universal. Therefore, it also includes the perception of reality and truth..
-Aristotle introduced a concept that criticized Plato's ideas. He focused on demonstrating that the universal was part of each individual entity since it is the essence of the particular. The totalizing understanding comes from an own analysis, from reflection and abstraction. The universal is made up of several parts that, when joined, make up a whole.
-In the Middle Ages a theme ignored by the Greeks was touched upon: essence-existence. Saint Thomas Aquinas added the divine component to the understanding of man: the origin of things was due to the intervention of a higher being, God gives the essence and existence. During this time, new philosophical trends also developed..
These terms were covered during the Middle Ages, since as the studies deepened, new perspectives of man, truth and reality emerged..
It is a philosophical position that raised the relationship between the subject and the object of study, which are also independent from each other. It is also called naive realism or platonic realism.
Philosophical doctrine that questions what are the elements or characteristics that should be considered as universal. For example, the representation of certain objects is due to the fact that they share traits in common.
So, nominalism denies the concepts of the universal, since there is only room for the individual and particular.
Represented by Saint Thomas Aquinas, moderate realism contemplates the existence and interaction of universal facts as predecessors of particular manifestations. Focuses on the balance between faith and reason.
After the Middle Ages the discussion of knowledge, truth and reality led to the formation of new currents to explain the obtaining of knowledge and philosophical answers..
Then, during the Enlightenment, gnoseology emerged, which focuses on the way of studying knowledge. By the end of the s. XIX other movements were manifested, such as idealism, scientific realism, epistemology and critical realism.
The totalizing vision has a series of characteristics:
From a scientific point of view, water comes from the chemical formula H2O. However, when we speak of “water” we are also referring to the stimuli and experiences that we have received through this.
Therefore, there is a universally accepted concept as opposed to a set of values obtained from the particular.
In ancient times, Greek societies were organized through the polis, which also acted as a reflection of the universal order and the cosmos. In the polis the individual is able to find his reason for being in society.
Yet No Comments