The Dieretic tilde or dierhetic accent is one that must be placed on a weak vowel that is located next to a strong vowel in a vowel concurrence. In this case, the weak vowel is assuming the role of the stressed vowel in the word to which it is circumscribed..
When talking about the dieretic accent, it is necessary to handle key knowledge, such as what characteristics the hiatus and diphthong have and how they are formed. In addition, one must bear in mind the types of vowels: open (strong), which are "a", "e" and "o"; and closed (weak), which are "i" and "u".
It should be clear that the diphthong is the vowel concurrency that results from the union of a strong and a weak vowel, the strong vowel being the tonic.
On the other hand, the hiatus -as concurrency- presents the same conditions as the diphthong, unlike the weak vowel being the tonic, generating a separation that causes two different syllables.
In case of a simple concurrency, the weak vowel can be before or after the strong vowel (the order does not matter); for example: "mine". It can also be the case that the weak vowel is between two strong vowels if it is a triple vowel concurrence; for example: "bohío".
The tilde is the sign used to denote which of the syllables of a word is the one with the greatest intonation. Knowing this makes it easier for the reader to pronounce and understand the meaning of said word..
The simple movement of the stressed syllable in a word implies (with certain exceptions that will be discussed later) a change of meaning.
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In many circumstances, the dierhetic tilde represents an exception to the rules of accentuation, since it appears to denote the breaking of a diphthong and, therefore, the formation of a hiatus..
A clear example is represented by the word "trunk". Being an acute word ending in a consonant other than "n" or "s", it should not have an accent; however, there is a break in the diphthong as the "u" is our closed vowel, the stressed vowel.
The dierhetic tilde is also called roburic tilde or hyatic tilde. There is no differentiation between the three terms, since they indicate the same use: their purpose is to denote the appearance of the hiatus.
Just as it does not prevent the diphthong or the tripthong, since it is commonly used in mute use in Spanish (except when it forms the “ch”), the consonant “h” is not an impediment to the hyatic accent..
A clear example is the word “ahínco”, which being a serious word ending in a vowel (which as a rule should not be accentuated), when presenting the break of the diphthong “a-hín” requires the use of the dierhetic accent..
When speaking of dialect variants, allusion is made to how the same language is treated in certain parts of the world or within the same area. These changes cause the stressed vowel to move, causing the dietic accent to disappear..
We have several clear examples with the following words:
- Period / period
- Cardiac / cardiac
- Maniac / maniac
These words, despite having differences in terms of the stressed vowel, still mean the same thing..
Next, a series of texts will be presented, and below these will be placed the words where the Dierhetic accent is presented.
(Excerpt from a story)
“Maria did not know what awaited her, that trunk contained surprises that would change her life and her destiny. She approached, quietly, an owl flew under a nearby tree making an awful noise. There was the harlequin, on the old chest, smiling, waiting for her ".
- Mary (i-a).
- Knew (i-a).
- Trunk (a-ú).
- They would change (i-a).
- Owl (ú-o).
- Smiled (e-í).
(Free poem)
"The footprints in the hut said everything,
like a river of fragmented dust on the floor
screaming love affairs against the garúa.
There i was,
with the tooth that still howls
looking for the animal on the moon,
solitude needs to be adapted to my silence.
- Bohío (i-o)
- They said (i-a).
- River (i-o).
- Still (a-ú).
- Howl (a-ú).
- Adecúe (ú-e).
(10th spinel)
Luz went to where the aunt,
where the cat that meows,
went to form a tremendous noise
with Josephus and with Mary.
Oh my God, who would say
that this trio of misbehaves
would leave stressed
everyone in that house,
no one passes them from there,
they prefer them away.
- Aunt (i-a).
- Maúlla (a-ú).
- Mary (i-a).
- Mine (i-o).
- I would say (i-a).
- Trio (i-o).
- They would leave.
For the elaboration of tenth spinels, a full command of the rules of accentuation is required, as well as knowledge of everything related to the diphthong and the hiatus, to be able to comply with the metric and rhyme of this poetic form devised by Vicente Espinel.
The handling of the hyatic accent facilitates the early mastery of accentuation in the words that present it, since it can be noticed with the naked eye - and through hearing - that there are words that repeat sound and graphic patterns. A clear example are the following:
- Mary, geography, I would walk, I wanted, mine, it would be.
- Mine man mess kid.
- Adequate, liquefied, owl, duet.
The patterns are clearly evident: “í-a”, “í-o” and “ú-o”.
Applying logic, the following can be deduced: being the obligatory dietic accent and having the property of breaking the conventional rules of accentuation, all the words that present the combinations “í-a”, “í-o” and “ú- o ”, with the same intonation, will be accentuated with a hyatic accent in the closed vowel.
The use of the dierhetic tilde opens the way for the mastery of poetic forms that require rhyme and meter, since whoever practices them tends to improve their knowledge of hyphenation and syllabic counting, in addition to increasing the lexicon to achieve greater quantity of sound combinations.
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